Author:
Talib.S. A‐Rubaye
Page: 10-13
Published online: 26 Jan 2026
https://doi.org/10.36478/acerjmb.2026.10.13
Pseudomonas species are well known for producing a wide range of biologically active pigments with important ecological and industrial significance. These pigments include pyocyanin, pyoverdine, pyorubin, and pyomelanin, which are classified as secondary metabolites. Pigment biosynthesis in Pseudomonas is tightly regulated by genetic pathways such as phenazine and non‐ribosomal peptide synthetase systems. Functionally, these pigments contribute to iron acquisition, antimicrobial activity, oxidative stress regulation, and biofilm formation. Pyoverdine plays a key role as a siderophore under iron‐limited conditions, while pyocyanin is involved in virulence and redox balance. In addition, pyomelanin provides protection against environmental stresses. Due to their diverse bioactivities, Pseudomonas pigments have attracted attention for pharmaceutical, agricultural, and environmental applications. They exhibit potential as antimicrobial agents, biocontrol tools, and electron mediators in microbial fuel cells. Fluorescent pigments are also useful in diagnostic applications. Despite their promising potential, safety and toxicity considerations remain critical for industrial utilization.