Author:
Mahdi H. Hammadi
Page: 20-25
Published online: 09 Apr 2026
https://doi.org/10.36478/rjmb.2026.20.25
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by persistent hyperglycemia and is frequently accompanied by hematological, physiological, and hormonal disturbances. The present study aimed to evaluate the antidiabetic and protective effects of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum‐graecum) seed extract on blood glucose levels, body weight, hematological indices, and selected hormonal parameters in alloxan‐induced diabetic mice, in comparison with the standard antidiabetic drug glibenclamide. Diabetes was induced in mice using alloxan monohydrate, and the animals were allocated into four groups: normal control, diabetic control, diabetic mice treated with fenugreek seed extract, and diabetic mice treated with glibenclamide. Fasting blood glucose levels and body weight were monitored throughout the experimental period. Hematological parameters, including hemoglobin concentration, red and white blood cell counts, and packed cell volume, as well as serum levels of growth hormone, cortisol, and progesterone, were assessed at the end of the study. Alloxan‐induced diabetic mice exhibited significant hyperglycemia, body weight loss, anemia, leukocytosis, reduced packed cell volume, and pronounced hormonal imbalance compared with normal controls. Treatment with fenugreek seed extract significantly reduced blood glucose levels, prevented body weight loss, and markedly improved hematological parameters. Moreover, fenugreek administration effectively modulated diabetes‐associated hormonal alterations, as evidenced by decreased cortisol levels and normalization of growth hormone and progesterone concentrations. These effects were comparable to those observed with glibenclamide treatment. In conclusion, fenugreek seed extract demonstrated significant antidiabetic, hematological, and endocrine protective effects in alloxan‐induced diabetic mice, supporting its potential as a natural therapeutic agent for the management of diabetes mellitus and its associated complications.